Proton-pump inhibitors, commonly known as PPIs, are used to reduce the amount of stomach acid made by glands in the lining of the stomach. Their unique mechanism of action is to inhibit the hydrogen-potassium ATPase pump in parietal cells. They can be used to treat acid reflux, gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), duodenal or stomach ulcers, heartburn, or they can be used to treat the damage done to the lower esophagus caused by acid reflux.
List of Available PPIs
PPIs are available both by prescription and over-the-counter (OTC), depending on the strength and specific needs of the patient. Here is a list of commonly used PPIs:
Omeprazole
Esomeprazole
Lansoprazole
Pantoprazole
Dexlansoprazole
Rabeprazole
Available as OTC: omeprazole (Prilosec), esomeprazole (Nexium), lansoprazole (Prevacid)
Side Effects of PPIs
Some drugs may have increased or decreased efficacy when taken with a PPI, such as clopidogrel (Plavix). It is important to notify your healthcare provider about all other medications you are currently taking. Other side effects include:
Short-term Use Side Effects | Long-term Use Side Effects |
Headaches, diarrhea, abdominal pain, itching | Osteoporosis-related bone fractures, Vitamin B12 deficiency, electrolyte imbalances (hypomagnesemia), C.difficile infections |
Lifestyle Modifications
Managing acid reflux often involves not just medication, but also key lifestyle changes. Here are some recommended adjustments to help alleviate symptoms:
What is the difference between Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs), Antihistamines (H2RAs), and Antacids?
Here's a comparative look at the differences between proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), antihistamines (H2RAs), and antacids to help choose the right treatment for acid-related issues:
Proton Pump Inhibitors | Antihistamines | Antacids | |
Best used for | Acid reflux, GERD, prevention of heartburn, stomach ulcers | Acid reflux, GERD, heartburn, stomach ulcers | Acid reflux, indigestion |
How it works | Inhibit acid secretion in cells in stomach (lasts about 24 hours) | Inhibit histamine receptors in stomach (lasts about 12 hours) | Neutralize the acid in the stomach by using ingredients that are the opposite of acids |
OTC Examples | Omeprazole (Prilosec) Esomeprazole (Nexium) Lansoprazole (Prevacid) | Famotidine (Pepcid) Cimetidine (Tagamet) Nizatidine (Axid AR) | Tums (Calcium carbonate) Rolaid, Mylanta (Calcium Carbonate and Magnesium Hydroxide) |
How to use | Take 30-60 minutes before a meal | Take with food or on an empty stomach but before a meal | Take with or right after meal |
Animal-Free PPIs
PPIs are often formulated as capsules or delayed-release tablets which helps the drug itself get into the stomach so that it can be effective. Many times, these capsules are made of animal-derived gelatin, making it difficult to find animal-free PPI options. However, our team at VeganMed has found a few animal-free options!
✓ Verified Animal Free Omeprazole magnesium delayed release oral suspension manufactured by Covis Pharma
✓ Verified Animal Free Esomeprazole tablets, delayed release manufactured by Haleon
✓ Verified Animal Free Pantoprazole sodium granule, delayed release manufactured by Sun Pharma
✓ Verified Animal Free Pantoprazole sodium suspension manufactured by Ajanta Pharma
Conclusion
Proton pump inhibitors are effective at treating many different conditions such as acid reflux, GERD, and stomach ulcers, to name a few. While it can be difficult to find an animal-free alternative due to the formulation of most PPIs, VeganMed was able to find a few animal-free options. Although certain PPIs like Omeprazole and Pantoprazole are available in animal-free formulations, partnering with VeganMed can further ensure transparency and precision in identifying and labeling these options.
Co-authored by: Maherah Shaikh
Disclaimer: The product and/or information provided on VeganMed is of a general nature and is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. We do not lab test the products to confirm that they are free from animal ingredients, and it is possible that the formulation and ingredients could have changed. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified healthcare provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition or product. The information provided in this post is accurate and up to date as of the date it was written. However, please note that circumstances and facts may change over time, and new information may become available that could alter the accuracy or relevance of the content. We encourage readers to verify and cross-reference any information provided here with trusted sources or consult relevant professionals for the most current and accurate updates.
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